The Eton Montem custom c. 1750–1844: privilege,pageantry and sanctioned misrule     

Catherine Dille 《Cultural and Social History》2018,15(3):361-377

Montem, a triennial customary march by Eton scholars, consolidated into a public expression of patrician social identity under the patronage of the monarchy in the late eighteenth century. This analysis of Montem’s history traces its development from a boy-led pageant of misrule to a public performance of elite patriotism. The custom, which attracted national attention, sheds new light on boy governance and self-fashioning in the period’s elite schools. This article argues that a study of Montem disrupts the standard historiographical narrative of anarchy and violence in the great schools and suggests that boy culture was more complex than previously acknowledged.  相似文献   

中美竞技体育国际竞争力比较研究     

朱玉霞 《河北体育学院学报》2020,34(1):37-42

运用双框架模型对中美竞技体育国际竞争力进行比较研究。认为:①从显现性框架分析,美国竞技体育国际竞争力一直稳定处于高位,而中国则呈现以2008年为峰顶的倒“U”型发展特征,且与美国还存在一定差距;②从解释性框架分析,美国竞技体育国际竞争力已趋于顶峰,而中国稳步提升;③中国竞技体育发展潜力巨大,但短时间内难以赶超美国;④“举国体制”有利于中国竞技体育显现性竞争力的提升,但与美国社会办竞技体育的发展模式相比,市场、社会在竞技体育发展中的作用发挥不足,不利于高经济性项目、高欣赏性项目的发展;⑤坚持“举国体制”、承办2022年冬奥会有利于中国竞技体育显现性竞争力的提升和冬季项目的发展,但同样存在竞技体育项目布局转型的困难和群众体育基础薄弱的困境。  相似文献   

The biomechanical characteristics of high-performance endurance running     

Stephen J. Preece  Christopher Bramah  Duncan Mason 《European Journal of Sport Science》2019,19(6):784-792

The biomechanical profile of high-level endurance runners may represent a useful model that could be used for developing training programmes designed to improve running style. This study, therefore, sought to compare the biomechanical characteristics of high-performance and recreational runners. Kinematic and kinetic measurements were taken during overground running from a cohort of 14 high-performance (8 male) and 14 recreational (8 male) runners, at four speeds ranging from 3.3 to 5.6?m?s^?1. Two-way ANOVA analysis was then used to explore group and speed effects and principal component analysis used to explore the interdependence of the tested variables. The data showed the high-performance runners to have a gait style characterised by an increased vertical velocity of the centre of mass and a flight time that was 11% longer than the recreational group. The high-performance group were also observed to adopt a forefoot strike pattern, to contact the ground with their foot closer to their body and to have a larger ankle moment. Importantly, although observed group differences were mostly independent of speed, the tested variables showed a high degree of interdependence suggesting an underlying unitary phenomenon. This is the first study to compare high-performance and recreational runners across a full range of kinematic and kinetic variables. The results suggest that high-performance runners maintain stride length with a prolonged aerial phase, rather than by landing with a more extended knee. These findings motivate future intervention studies that should investigate whether recreational runners could benefit from instruction to decrease shank inclination at foot contact.  相似文献   

The effect of athletic expertise and trait emotional intelligence on decision-making     

Robert Vaughan  Sylvain Laborde  Christopher McConville 《European Journal of Sport Science》2019,19(2):225-233

The quality of decision and assessment of risk are key determinants of successful sport performance. Athletes differ fundamentally in their decision-making ability according to their athletic expertise level. Moreover, given the influence of emotions on decision-making, it is likely that a trait reflecting emotional functioning, trait emotional intelligence, may also influence decision-making. Therefore, the aim of this research was to investigate the respective contribution of athletic expertise and trait emotional intelligence to non-athletic decision-making. In total, 269 participants aged between 18 and 26 years with a range of athletic experience i.e. none (n?=?71), novice (n?=?54), amateur (n?=?55), elite (n?=?45) and super-elite (n?=?44), completed the Emotional Intelligence Scale and the Cambridge Gambling Task. Regression modelling indicated a significant positive relationship of athletic expertise and trait emotional intelligence with the quality of decision-making, and a negative relationship with deliberation time and risk-taking. Cognitive skills transfer may explain the higher decision-making scores associated with higher athletic expertise, while individuals with higher trait emotional intelligence may anticipate better the emotional consequences linked with a gambling task, which may help individuals make better decisions and take less risks.  相似文献   

网球精英运动员赛间训练调控影响因素SEM分析     

汤国进  邹克宁 《武汉体育学院学报》2020,54(9):86-94

为定量解释精英运动员重大比赛期间竞技状态显性和隐性影响因素间相互关系，运用文献资料、层次分析、模糊评价、数理统计等研究方法，基于国家队、省市运动队295名网球教练员、运动员调研数据，提出精英网球运动员重大比赛期间竞技状态影响因素假设命题，再引入SEM概念模型，对假设命题进行验证。结果表明：（1）竞技状态SEM概念模型中，体能训练整合度、技能训练整合度、心智训练整合度、适应度与保障度可作为隐性自变量，且均对竞技状态因变量有正向影响作用，H₁、H₂、H₃、H₄假设命题得到验证；（2）经SEM检验，依影响因素权重，精英网球运动员赛间竞技状态调控依次表现为技能训练整合度、心智训练整合度、体能训练整合度、适应度与保障度；（3）精英网球运动员的参赛表现，虽主要取决于竞技训练因子，但对于适应度与保障度中自然环境、社会环境和规程规则等非训练因子，同样不容忽视。  相似文献   

深根固本,实现民族伟大复兴--试论中国传统村落保护与发展     

曹昌智  胡燕 《中国名城》2021,(5):1-7

中国传统村落根植于中华民族农耕文明,其价值蕴藏丰富的文化内涵。中国传统村落是世界上规模最大的农耕文明聚落遗产群,是记载古代社会变迁、文化融合的恢弘史诗,是当今世界极其丰富的自然人文旅游资源。中国传统村落发展存在的诸多问题,提出保护中国传统村落需秉持创新发展的理念,以留住乡愁。  相似文献   

基于远程条件培养农民大学生的实践探索——以湖南广播电视大学为例     

彭瑛 《邵阳学院学报(社会科学版)》2011,10(3):118-121

实践表明,基于远程条件培养农民大学生必须加强内外联合,实现资源的优势互补与共享;强化基本条件,满足农民大学生培养的教学需求;坚持系统办学,形成教学与管理合力;打造教学团队,远近结合创新教学。随着"一村一名大学生计划"持续深入而全面的开展,基于远程条件的农民大学生培养项目在稳步推进中,也凸现出诸如农民大学生培养项目发展后劲不足、培养经费有限、专业设置相对滞后等问题。为解决这些问题,需要争取政策,加强合作,持续推进;城乡统筹,适时转型,协调发展;开放理念,创新模式,打造品牌。  相似文献   

深度连片贫困村脱贫攻坚工作实践与启示——以贵州关岭自治县槽子四村为例     

娄仁彪  王海 《安顺学院学报》2020,(2):22-27

深度连片贫困村的脱贫攻坚是我国脱贫攻坚工作的重点区域,其脱贫与否是对我国2020年全面脱贫起到决定性作用。文章通过对关岭自治县沙营镇槽子四村的农户和村干部进行问卷调查、访谈、听取汇报等方法获取相关资料数据,并在对资料数据进行整理分析基础之上,结合近年来这四个村开展的脱贫攻坚工作进一步深入剖析导致贫困的主要原因,提出推进异地扶贫搬迁、加强基础设施建设和对农户进行技术技能培训、积极引导产业规模化和建设农业现代化等是深度连片贫困村脱贫的主要措施。  相似文献   

云南丽江玉湖村纳西族群的母语认同与民族认同研究     

周亚娟 《宿州教育学院学报》2021,(2):111-115

语言是民族的核心要素,语言认同是民族认同的重要基础。对丽江玉湖村纳西族语言使用情况调查发现,目前丽江玉湖村纳西族族群成员母语水平较好,母语使用频率高,族群认可度较高,族群成员存在共同的文化心理,这些因素在影响着他们对母语的认同。研究表明:民族语言使用的本质是民族身份认同,民族语言使用的前提是母语认同;语言态度是影响民族认同的重要因素,语言水平是影响民族认同的间接因素。  相似文献   

交往生活的公共性转变:两个世纪的主题     

廖申白 《北京师范大学学报(社会科学版)》2006,(5):86-91

农耕文明中国在交往或实践活动方面造成了一个与私人生活紧密地联系在一起的,非常发育,但范围比较狭窄的私人交往社会。这个交往社会中的私人关系以及产生的社会关系具有异常稳定的性质。它的主要问题在于,它造成家族成员的过大规模的聚居,形成了择偶和婚姻方面的许多禁忌、繁缛的私人交往礼节和人情往来上的过大负担,并且在一定程度上妨碍村落中的人们去外界、去城市追求自己的职业生涯。这个社会的基础及其秩序一直延续到清代晚期,历经王朝的变迁而没有根本变动。这个社会基础的改造或改进是中国最近的近两百年的社会思想中的一个主题,尽管它常常被别的话题压倒。直到最近几十年间,这个社会才在基本结构上发生着一些深层的改变。在总体上,在这近两百年的历史上发生的是中国人的交往生活的一种缓慢而带有根本性质的转变,即这种交往生活的公共性转变。  相似文献